مروری بر چالش‌های تحقیقاتی در فولاد زنگ نزن 316L مورد استفاده در کاربردهای پزشکی

نوع مقاله : علمی ترویجی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه ازاد واحد تهران جنوب

2 گروه مهندسی پژشکی دانشکده فنی و مهندسی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد تهران جنوب

چکیده

بیومتریال های فلزی بخش عمده ای از مواد مورد استفاده در کاربردهای پزشکی و جراحی را تشکیل می دهند. در تحقیق حاضر، نخست مقاومت به خوردگی و زیست سازگاری فولاد زنگ نزن L316 درکاربردهای پزشکی مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است. غلظت بالای عناصر آلیاژی در بدن ایجاد سمیت کرده و برای سلامت بدن مضر می باشد که یکی از دلایل افزایش غلظت عناصر فلزی در بدن، استفاده از ایمپلنت های فلزی می باشد. همچنین ویژگی های مکانیکی این آلیاژ و روش های نوین ارتقاع خواص آن جهت استفاده در کاشتنی های ارتوپدی و دندانپزشکی مورد مطالعه قرار داده شد. طی آزمایش های انجام شده از ادرار و خون بیماران استفاده کننده از ایمپلنت های پزشکی، غلظت عناصر نیکل و کروم نسبت به افراد سالم بیشتر است که برای سلامت افراد بسیار مضر و سرطان زا می باشد. با افزایش خواص سطح، مقاومت به خوردگی و سایش ایمپلنت ها می توان از آزاد شدن ذرات مضر فلزی کاسته و زیست سازگاری ایمپلنت ها را بالا برد. نتایج این تحقیقات نشان می دهد که جایگزین کردن نیتروژن بجای نیکل، می توان هم ساختار آستنیتی آلیاژ را حفظ نمود و همچنین باعث افزایش مقاومت به خوردگی، زیست سازگاری بهتر و خواص سایش مناسب تر و در نتیجه افزایش خواص مکانیکی را بدنبال خواهد داشت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

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