مروری بر مدل‌های آسایش حرارتی

نوع مقاله : علمی ترویجی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه تربیت مدرس

2 دانشگاه بیرجند

چکیده

آسایش حرارتی حالتی ذهنی است که میزان رضایت فرد از شرایط حرارتی محیط را بیان می‌کند. قضاوت دربارة آسایش حرارتی فرایند پیچیده‌ای است که تحت تأثیر عوامل فیزیکی، فیزیولوژیکی و روانشناختی قرار دارد. تحقیقات انجام شده در زمینه بررسی احساس و آسایش حرارتی، شامل مطالعات تحلیلی، مطالعات آزمایشگاهی و تدوین استانداردها می‌باشد. در رویکرد تحلیلی از طریق معادلات موازنه انرژی برای بدن و یا ارزیابی پاسخ حسگرهای پوستی و نیز شبیه‌سازی فرایندهای فیزیولوژیکی، انتقال حرارت، پاسخ فیزیولوژیکی و توزیع دمای بافت‌های بدن پیش‌بینی می‌شود. مطالعات آزمایشگاهی نیز اغلب به صورت انجام آزمایش روی افراد مختلف در اتاقک‌های کنترل شده به منظور ارزیابی دمای پوست/هسته بدن و در نهایت ارائه شاخص ارزیابی احساس حرارتی موضعی و کلی می‌باشد. در این مقاله به دسته بندی، مرور کلی و ارزیابی مزایا و محدودیت‌های مدل‌های آسایش حرارتی پرداخته شده است.
واژگان کلیدی: آسایش حرارتی، مدل‌های ترموفیزیولوژیکی، مدل‌های مبتنی بر پاسخ حسگرهای حرارتی پوستی، احساس حرارتی موضعی و کلی، رویکرد تحلیلی و آزمایشگاهی

کلیدواژه‌ها


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